Short answer
Wait about 10 days after entering the US (so your entry record syncs), then apply for an SSN at your local Social Security Administration (SSA) office — usually in person, and free. Bring your passport, visa, I-94, and your approval/job documents. The card typically arrives by mail in 2–6 weeks. You can open a bank account before it arrives, but you'll need the SSN for credit cards and to avoid backup withholding.
When you can apply
Wait roughly 10 days after you enter the US so the immigration databases (DHS/CBP) have synced your arrival — applying earlier often means a rejection and a second trip. Some people request an SSN right on their visa application (Form DS-160); if you did, your card may arrive automatically, so check before booking an SSA visit.
What to bring
- Passport with your visa stamp.
- I-94 arrival record (printable free from the CBP website).
- I-797 approval notice or your employer letter, depending on visa type.
- A completed Form SS-5 (the SSN application).
How to apply
Find your local SSA office and apply in person (most new arrivals can't use the online flow). The application is free — never pay a third-party service that offers to "get your SSN faster"; they can't.
How long it takes
The card usually arrives by mail in 2–6 weeks. If it's been longer, call or revisit the SSA office with your receipt. Don't have your mail forwarded mid-process — it can delay or lose the card.
What your SSN unlocks
- Applying for credit cards and starting your credit history.
- Getting a driver's license (most DMVs require it).
- Turning off 24% backup withholding on bank interest — give your SSN to your bank.
What to do while you wait
You don't have to sit idle. You can open a bank account without an SSN immediately, and if a DMV needs proof before your SSN arrives, ask the SSA for a denial letter.
Frequently asked
How soon after arriving can I apply for an SSN?
Usually about 10 days after you enter the US, so your arrival record has time to sync with Social Security's systems.
How long does it take to get an SSN card?
Typically 2–6 weeks by mail after you apply. Follow up with the SSA office if it takes longer.
Do I need an SSN to open a bank account?
No. You can open a US checking or savings account with a passport and visa; an SSN is needed for credit products and to avoid backup withholding.
Is there a fee to apply for an SSN?
No. Applying for a Social Security Number is free. Avoid any paid service claiming to speed it up — they can't.